Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, ebibanjelwe enhlanganweni ebanzi yezibambiso zezinwele okuxoxiswana ngayo "kwisemina yemboni ye-LED ka-2011" mayelana, uchwepheshe ohambele umhlangano kanye nabaphathi bebhizinisi, ucwaningo lwephrojekthi ye-semiconductor lighting kanye nentuthuko kanye nesekela likanobhala-jikelele wenhlangano yezimboni, uMnu GengBo amazwe u-Yu Bin sea. umqondisi kagesi inkanyezi, isekela lemenenja jikelele, PhD, owomile njengogesi wezithombe, isikhulu esiphezulu sezimali, unobhala webhodi uMnu Ye Sunyi ubekhona emhlanganweni, kanti imboni ye-LED ka-2011 iqhubekile nengxoxo. Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko komhlangano nombono kufinyezwe ngezansi:
1. eminyakeni embalwa ezayo imboni ye-LED izogcina ukukhula okusheshayo
Eminyakeni eyi-10 yakamuva i-LED ithuthuka minyaka yonke, isilinganiso sezindleko zezibani ze-LED sedlule umthombo wokukhanya wendabuko, izibani nezibani zezindleko eziphelele ziphansi kunesibani se-incandescent, isibani se-halogen kanye nokukhanya kweshubhu ye-CFL, kuzolingana 2012 izibani ezonga amandla. Intengo yemikhiqizo ye-LED ka-2015 ingase yehliselwe ku-1/5 ka-2010, lapho izinga lokungena elijwayelekile lemakethe yezibani lifinyelela ku-50%, ngo-2020 lizolandisa ngaphezu kwama-75% emakethe yokukhanyisa.
Umncintiswano wamanje wezimboni zomhlaba wonke yi-United States ne-Japan, i-Europe, i-South Korea, i-China ne-Taiwan. Manje wonke amazwe ekwenzeni ukuthunyelwa kwamasu, njengoba iJapan ngosizo lukahulumeni ukukhuthaza ukukhanya kwe-LED, kulindeleke ukuthi kuthathe indawo yezinga lika-2015 lika-50%, izinga lokushintshwa lika-100% ngo-2020; INingizimu Korea ngo-2015 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi 30% we jikelele izibani emakethe.
Ukukhiqizwa kwemboni ye-LED yaseChina kwafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-120, amabhizinisi angaphezu kuka-4000, eminyakeni emihlanu edlule izinga lokukhula eliphakathi kuka-35%, ngaphezu kuka-40% ngo-2010. Inani lomkhiqizo wemboni lilindeleke eminyakeni embalwa ezayo izinga lokukhula elimaphakathi elingaphezu kwama-35%. I-China manje isekucwaningweni olubalulekile lobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko yenze impumelelo emangalisayo, ikakhulukazi mayelana nemikhiqizo yokupakisha inezici zayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza nazo zinempumelelo enkulu. Isicelo selungelo lobunikazi, isicelo selungelo lobunikazi le-LED engaphezu kuka-28912, okuhlanganisa i-encapsulation kanye ne-patent ye-application ibalwe cishe ku-70%; Inkundla yokuhlola kazwelonke ineziyisithupha kanti ezintathu ziyahlela.
2. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemboni ye-LED kunomkhuba wokushisisa kwesakhiwo
Imboni yokukhanyisa yendabuko inani eliphumayo lifinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-290, 2010, 2010, inani lokukhishwa kokukhanyisa okujwayelekile kwe-LED ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-18, ukukhuphuka ngo-140% ngo-2009, 2009 yuan, okubalwa ku-21% esikalini semakethe yesicelo se-LED, senyuke ngo-14% ngaphezu kuka-14% ngo-2009, kuhlanganise ne-LED street light, ukukhanya komhubhe kukhule ngaphezu kwe-100%. Izibalo zenyunyana yasekhaya i-LED street lamp enangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.6. Ukungena kwemakethe ye-LED kungaphansi kuka-1% ngo-2010, kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ku-30% ngo-2015. Kodwa uma ngikhuluma ngokuqinile, imakethe yokukhanyisa ejwayelekile futhi ikakhulukazi uhulumeni, imakethe yangempela ayikaqali, kodwa ukufaka esikhundleni sokukhanyisa kwendabuko kuwumkhuba. kweThe Times.
Isilinganiso sokutshalwa kwezimali kwasekhaya sezigidigidi ezingama-20, 2009, 2010 kuya ku-30 wezigidigidi, utshalomali lugxile kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kochungechunge lwezimboni lwezigaba. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwasekhaya kwamanje kukhulu kakhulu. Ingxenye yezinkampani zamandla elanga nazo zitshale imali, i-poly (iqembu le-xin litshale amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.5, amasethi angu-500 e-MOCVD engenisiwe yakha isisekelo se-LED e-suzhou.
Inombolo yemishini ye-MOCVD ka-2010 ihlela kabusha i-09 ye-50% yokuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke kwe-MOCVD, uhlelo lweminyaka emithathu lwamayunithi amasha angu-1466, ngaphezu kwesamba esiphelele semishini engu-09 ye-MOCVD yomhlaba wonke, ngokohlelo, ngemva kweminyaka emithathu umthamo wokukhiqiza we-epitaxial wafer uzoba kube izikhathi eziphindwe ka-10 kuye kweziyi-15 kunangonyaka wezi-2009. Lapha kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imboni idinga ukuvela, inombolo yemishini engenhla ingase ishodelwe, kodwa ayikatholakali emakethe okwamanje, kunzima le mishini izotholakala. akukho okusalayo. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kunomkhuba wokushisa ngokweqile kwesakhiwo, ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yebhizinisi lokukhanyisa elingokwesiko elingene kulo noma lihlele ukungena.
3. Imboni ye-China LED kokubili amathuba nezinselele
Ngenxa ye-China ngesisekelo sokukhanyisa kwendabuko kanye nobuchwepheshe bezinto ezibonakalayo, amandla kungenzeka abe yimboni ye-LED e-China. I-China ezingeni likazwelonke lokulawula emakethe kanye nomthelela wokuguquguquka kuyabonakala.
Amathuba nezinselelo zemboni ye-LED yasekhaya ahlala ndawonye. Amathuba: 1, izimakethe zendabuko nezisafufusa zinamathuba amakhulu ebhizinisi, 2 embonini yokukhanyisa, imboni yezokwakha inzima kakhulu, 3, futhi ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo inikeza ithuba elihle embonini ye-LED, 4, kanye nenqubomgomo yokugcina igqugquzela ukukhula kwemboni, ngonyaka odlule ekubonisweni kwephrojekthi yemboni ye-semiconductor ukubhida kumelela incazelo enkulu; Izinselelo: 1, amazwe athuthukile asevele enenqubomgomo yokukhushulwa kwesicelo sokubonisa, 2, amazwe athuthukile akhiphe imingcele yokuvala i-incandescent, njengokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamandla kwezibani zokukhanyisa zendabuko nezibani, i-China nayo idinga ukuhambisana no-3, futhi ikhathazeke ngakho. imboni ukukhuthaza izinga likahulumeni kuthinta ukuqashwa kwemboni yezibani zendabuko ngokushesha okukhulu, kodwa uguquko ludinga ukwenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho yemakethe, izinqubomgomo zingaqhutshwa kuphela, 4, futhi umdondoshiya wamazwe omhlaba onamandla okufaka isicelo esingaphansi komfula udinga nathi ukusheshisa ukuhlanganiswa, 5, futhi standard patent isibe okugxilwe kuzo ukuncintisana international, eziyisithupha, umkhakha izinsiza ukusatshalaliswa abuthene ndawonye, futhi China umnotho wendawo, ukukhawulela ukuthuthukiswa wendawo kunzima; Isimo somfula sivame ukuba nemikhiqizo esebangeni eliphakathi nendawo, esimweni sethalente, 7, ukusekelwa kwemboni kanye nokuxhumana akwanele. Ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe, indawo yentuthuko ayiphelele ngokwanele. Izinga lokutshalwa kwezimali liphansi, ukufana komkhiqizo okubucayi, izinga nezimakethe zokunikeza izitifiketi njengokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokuthola.
4. U-2011 uzoba yimakethe yokuqala yezibani ze-LED jikelele
Ithemba elisha elibanzi lemakethe, imakethe entsha esebenzisa ama-led inenani eliphakeme lezomnotho kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo iminyaka eyi-10 amahora angu-8 ngosuku (amahora angu-30000) isibikezelo sika-2010-2015, ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthetic kufinyelela ku-60 2010 lm/w, 2015 kufinyelela ku-100 lm/w, intengo ku-RMB 70, 2010, ngo-2015 ingase yehle ngaphansi kwamazinga angu-$10. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2013 izindleko zokushintsha ziphansi, okusho ukuthi, leli phuzu liwukukhuthazwa kwe-LED ngezinga elikhulu lephuzu lokuguquguquka.
Ukukhanyisa kwe-LED emakethe yangomuso kuzoba yi-LED ngobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthuka ngokushesha kwentengo ngaphansi kwedonsa ngamasondo amabili. Kulindeleke ukuthi i-Alliance, imakethe yezibani ezijwayelekile ze-LED ngo-2011, iqale ngo-2011-2012, ukukhanya kwe-LED kuzosuka ekukhanyisweni kwezentengiselwano, kwezimboni, ehhovisi kanye nendawo yomphakathi kancane kancane kuya ekukhanyeni kwasendlini.
Isu lokutshala imali:
1. gxila kumabhizinisi angaba khona: ikhono eliqinile lokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, ibhizinisi elinekhono lokuhlanganisa eliqondile ngesikhathi esisodwa; Kwamanye amabhizinisi ahlukile; Inenzuzo yeziteshi zomkhiqizo zamabhizinisi; I-EMC inezici zamamodeli ebhizinisi.
2. ezindaweni ezibalulekile: ngokusho kokukhanyisa komphakathi kokuqala, ukukhanyisa kwezentengiselwano nokukhanyisa ekhaya indlela yesakhiwo esihlelekile.
3. isikhathi sokutshalwa kwezimali: landela imephu yomgwaqo ye-incandescent, amaphrojekthi ayishumi we-wan light kanye ne-huimin njengenqubomgomo kazwelonke (okungenzeka) engxenyeni yokugcina ka-2011, bamba ukukhanya kwe-LED ukuze kuqale ithuba.
5. Ukufakwa kwe-LED enamandla amakhulu kuvame ukuba nenkomba ebanzi
Ngokuthambekela kokuthuthuka kokuncintisana kokusebenza kwedivayisi ye-LED akuseyona ipharamitha eyodwa, kodwa kuvame ukucabangela ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo kanye nenkomba yokunikeza umbala, njengempilo, izindleko, inkomba ebanzi. Isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe bokupakisha be-LED obunamandla aphezulu ukuminyana okuphezulu kwamanje, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, inkomba enikeza umbala ophezulu, ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokukhanya.
I-chip enkulu elandelayo, ukupakishwa kwe-chip, ukupakishwa kwemojula ye-chip encane ye-multichip density high kuzoba inkambiso.
6. Ukukhishwa kwe-MOCVD kuzoqinisa imboni
Ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya kwamanje kwe-epitaxial wafer ekhuphuka nomfula utshalomali we-MOCVD ukushisa kuphezulu kakhulu, ukufakwa kwasekhaya kwe-2011 kwemishini ekufikeni kwezimpahla kufanele kube amayunithi angama-500, ama-2 kuya ku-3 wekota yalo nyaka, ngokusho kwamandla okukhiqiza azokhishwa kancane kancane, angabangela okuthile. ithonya emakethe yasekhaya ye-chip ephakathi nendawo, kulindeleke ukuthi amanani entengo e-white chip azokwehla ngo-20 kuye ku-30%.
Umkhawulo we-chip okhuphukayo uyimboni yobuchwepheshe ephezulu kakhulu, akufanele nje ube nesitofu, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ube neqembu lethalente, ithalenta lamanje lasekhaya kule ndawo lintula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, phakathi neminyaka emibili ezayo imboni izosheshisa ukuhlanganiswa, njengeminyaka eyishumi edlule izinkampani zaseTaiwan, okokugcina kungase kube izinkampani ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-7, ezinye izinkampani azizange zikhiphe isitofu futhi azikwazi ukuqala, izindleko zokwehla kwezitofu ziphezulu kakhulu, zingakwazi ' t ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu yebhizinisi ingase ibhekane nokuqedwa.
7. muva nje ukukhanya kwe-LED kuzoba ngendlela yamandla aphezulu namandla amancane ahlala ndawonye
Njengamanje imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa i-LED ngesivinini esincane, ikakhulukazi ethembele kuphrojekthi kahulumeni ekukhuthazeni, kodwa uphawu oluhle lokuthi izindlela ezisafufusa ezifana ne-EMC, ngokusungulwa kwamabhange, umshwalense nezinye izikhungo zezezimali, ukukhanya kwezimboni ze-LED, ukukhanya komphakathi ngokushesha. ukuthuthukiswa. Amanye ama-incandescent bulbs angaphandle ukuze akhubaze ukubala wehle, imakethe yokuthengisa yesikhashana kungenzeka ikhule ngokushesha.
Manje izindleko zokukhanyisa ze-LED nezintengo zisephezulu kakhulu, i-supply chain namanje ayikathuthukisiwe ngokugcwele, futhi kunesidingo esikhulu sokuphumelela kusixhumanisi sobuchwepheshe, futhi sidinga ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okukhanyayo. Ngenxa yezindleko, imikhiqizo esanda kukhanya ye-LED enamandla amakhulu namandla amancane ahlanganisiwe ahlangene, kodwa ngamadivaysi anamandla aphezulu abiza kakhulu, imikhiqizo ye-LED yamandla aphezulu iyindlela yokuthuthukiswa.
8. ukwakha ilungelo lobunikazi elizimele kuyindlela eyisisekelo yentuthuko yesikhathi eside
Inkinga yobunikazi be-LED ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokukhawulela ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-LED yaseChina, imboni ye-LED e-China ibe nethonya emhlabeni wonke, lokhu kuyindaba engekho esikhathini esidlule, kumele kuthuthukiswe ilungelo lobunikazi elizimele. Kodwa inkinga yelungelo lobunikazi akuyona indaba eyinhloko yezinga le-chip, noma i-epitaxial wafer, inqubo ye-chip yekhono lomuntu lokuyicubungula. Njengamanje indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yelungelo lobunikazi iyinhloko noma izungeze indawo enzima yelungelo lobunikazi, khokha izinkokhelo ukuze uthole ukugunyazwa, njll. Okwamanje ilungelo lobunikazi laseJapane ngokuqinile, i-Europe ne-United States, iNingizimu Korea, i-Taiwan, izwekazi elikhululekile.
Indaba yelungelo lobunikazi ihilela izinto ze-chip, ukwakheka kwedivayisi, iphosphor, ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya kwesibili, ukwakheka komumo, okufana namaleveli amaningi, okubaluleke kakhulu kuseyimpushana ye-fluorescent nezinto ezingaphansi. I-phosphor patent main current ezandleni zamakhemikhali, abayithathayo i-aluminate material, i-silicate yasekhaya yamanje kanye nama-nitrides ayi-r&d, kodwa asadinga ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka nokuzinza. Isici se-substrate, izwe lethu ekukhuthazeni ngamandla i-Si substrate impahla, i-union delegate nanchang crystal ingenza imali engu-60 million yuan utshalomali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, inenqubekelaphambili enkulu kuze kube manje, uma impumelelo izokwazi ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zobuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe besifunda. isetshenziswa ku-chip ye-LED, izonciphisa kakhulu izindleko ze-chip futhi amathemba esikhathi esizayo abanzi kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-10-2016